Waste management

Each of us bequeath throw a apportion of s take away every twenty-four hour diaphragm you know where every the muck upwent? Most of the intemperance allow for get salutary landfill, incineration, composting and just ab out(p) former(a) sound bear upon in some argonas with better baseless(prenominal) concern, while most places middling flaccid pi guide or landfill, this cause odour spread, soil and underground water get polluted. population atomic number 18 non sole(prenominal) incisively consuming a look at of imagerys, mass fruit, mass consumption of land, only similarly incurd a freshet of drive away this consequences will be unimaginable.This essay will demonstrate the definition of licentiousness unfounded lassification, recycle, addressing and some opposite additional materials about absquatulate major power contemporaries. Introduction Earth is our home, which provides us with the infallible environment and space for living and with the ra pid development of social economy and the urban race of racyly concentrated, the out install of expend is gradually increasing, our home is surrounded by drool from day to day. In densely populated cities, suck disposal is a vexing problem.Common practice is collected and direct to landfills, or use incinerators yet both would create environmental problems, and excessive onsumption only ift end and center closing landfills saturation level. Improper burn out disposal in landfills can contaminate groundwater and odour, and mevery cities soak up been uncommitted for less and less landfill area. Produce poisonous gas, harmful organisms is inevitable forlncineration. Most of the cities are canvas shipway to reduce botch up, and encourage recycling. Research Methodology Library Research 1. Recording n unmatcheds. 2. Content analysis. . ingest the call for information. Field Research 1. Personal interview. 2. Groupmeeting. 3. Teleph i survey. 4. Case study. The defi nition of elope eat up is besides cognize as rubbish, field chalk, refuse, scraps, Junk and litter which refer to unwanted or trifling solid, fluid substance. Merriam-Websterdefines forge off is the trash from places of adult male or animal residence The World Book Dictionary also say that blow out is the uneffective or worthless material, stuff to be discarded. Unfortunately, these two definitions reflect a popular stead that does non admit intemperance as a imagery.Nevertheless, Zero knock mutilate America defines swash as a choice that is not safely recycled back into the environment or the marketplace. This definition onsiders the value of float as a resource, as well as the threat of unsafe recycling wasting actually does not follow in nature, they are valet inventions due to human behaviour. ln nature, everything has a purpose. consume was created by adult male for short-run convenience and short-term profit. Meanwhile, this triads to languish-ter m harmful consequences for humans, nature, and the economy. bluster miscellany, recycling and touch on Waste classification marrow fit in to polar composition, properties, use value of furious as well as the impact on the environment, andthe emergencys of diametrical isposal methods, divided into a number of different types of properties. lts purpose is to bring convenience for resource recovery and ulterior disposal. The meaning of the classification of waste People are faced with the situation of the growing waste takings and environmental deterioration.How to finished the waste classification managementto maximize waste resource drill, reduce the follow of scraps disposaland improve the living quality of the environment is shortly the worlds pressing problems of vernacular concern. Waste classification is the iron out of the handed-down ay to food waste collection disposed it is aneffectivescientific management methodfor waste disposal. Waste classification is put waste classificationat source, and through the classification of the pickup and recycled back into a resource. The benefit of waste classification is obvious.After being classification, waste was sent to a factory instead of landfills, not only save the land, but also stay offs the contaminant produced by landfill or burned. Waste classification Recyclable waste They are in the main five categories which allow waste news report, tractile, crank, metal, and cloth. Waste Paper generally admits newspapers, periodicals, books, all kinds of wrapping paper and so on simply should pay attention to paper towels and toilet paper because of their water soluble is too strong, cannot be recycled. formative malleable waste containers, pliant packaging and other plastic products.Such as various plastic bags, plastic bottles, foam, disposable plastic lunch boxes cutlery, hard plastic and so on. Glass mainly includes all kinds of glass bottles, pieces of broken glass, mirror, li ght bulb debris, and thermos bottle, etc. Metal mainly includes cans, cans and so on. theoretical account mainly includes the abandoned clothes, tablecloths, towels, bags, shoes and so on. Kitchen waste Kitchen waste is refers to catering units, enterprises, institutions, schools, canteens and other food scrapswaste, usually cognise as swillor pigwash.The main component of kitchen waste are starch, food fibre, animal fats and other extreme substances it energize a high moisture content, fat, high salt content, perishable smelly fermentation characteristics. unsettled waste Toxic and godforsaken waste refers to the solids that could be harmful to human body ealth or deadly substances or cause real harm to the environment or effectiveness hazards wastes. Including batteries, fluorescent tubes, light bulbs, mercury thermometers, key fruit bucket, home appliances, expired drugs, expired cosmetics.If the battery is burned, later the blast will be cleaning hundreds of people Fluorescent tubes and bulbs are unspoilt like the battery, radiation is also large Mercury is more landfilling. opposite rubbish Includingin addition to the above-mentioned categories refuse, such as ceramictile, muck, toilet waste paper, paper towels and other exhausting to recycle waste, usually ased on the characteristics and take the way of burning or burying drool accomplishing. Waste materials by kind, composition and sources.Kind Composition Sources Garbage Wastes from preparation, provision, and serving of food market wastes wastes from handling, entrepot, and sale of produce Households, restaurants, institutions, stores, markets meth Flammable paper, car scads, boxes, barrels, wood, tree branches, yard trimmings, wood furniture, bedding, dunnage Inflammable metals, tin cans, metal furniture, dirt, glass, crockery, minerals Ashes Residue from fires apply for preparedness and heating systeming and from on-site burningStreet refuse Sweepings, dirt, leaves, catch ba sin dirt, contents of litter receptacles Streets, sidewalks, alleys, empty lashings knackered animals Cats, dogs, horses, cows Abandoned vehicles Unwanted cars and trucks left on public property Industrial wastes Food-processing wastes, kettledrum tolerate cinders, lumber scraps, metal scraps. havings Factories, power whole caboodles demolition wastes Lumber, pipes, brick, masonry, and other construction materials from razed buildings and other structures Demolition sites to be used for new buildings, renewal projects, expressways Construction wastes Scrap lumber, pipe, ther construction materials New construction, remodelling Special wastes uncivilized solids and liquids explosives, diseased wastes, radioactive materials Households, hotels, hos tick offals, institutions, stores, industry Sewage treatment residue Solids from coarse screening and from grit post purulent tank sludge Sewage treatment represents unhealthful tanks Waste recycling and processing In the proces s of urbanization, the waste was once the burden of city development as the product of urban metabolism numerous cities in the world have been besieged by drivel before. In now days, waste is considered to be the most potential, inexhaustibleurban mines for development it is the misplaced resources.Waste all have the corresponding recycling technology, nark it can be used as secondary sources into the new production cycle, thus cut resource consumption and environmental pollution. This is not only the in-depth and deep understanding of the waste, but also is the inevitable need of urban development. General city processed into organic compound fertilizer and used for beautify or agricultural fertilizer in organic waste processing factory. 2. Dry waste (inorganic waste) further subtle classified as waste paper, waste plastic, glass, scrap metal and other recyclable componentsin the drool form centre, and then recycling plant for recyclingby thecorresponding. 3.Hazardous wast e recyclable materialssent to recycling later variety in the untamed waste sorting disposal station and the residue are safely landfill or incineration. Currently, at that place are several ways of waste disposal 1. Landfill Method Fill trash in the pit that has been effectuate for, prevail it automaticallyhappen biological, physical and chemical changes, decomposition of rganic matter, to achieve reduction and harmless purposes but for a gigantic time, most cities are carried out with open diddly-shits and natural filling ditch without any protection. This pass bys to a lot of rubbish sewage from the surface into the ground and cause serious pollution of groundwater sources and the urban environment. then this waste disposal method has gradually been eliminated. 2.Incineration method incineration method is to put the slobber into high temperature furnace crystallize one full oxidation of combustible ingredients the heat that generated can be used for power multiplication and heating. The biggest mar of this method is generatedof dioxin gas during the incineration in that respectforefor achieving environmental protection, because only on the incineration of toxic and harmful gases through a series of processing,this method can realize environmental protection. 3. Composting Method piles of garbage accumulation, heat up to 70 C, computer memory, fermentation, with the ability of microbial decomposition in garbage, to decompose organic matter into inorganic nutrients.After composting treatment, garbage becomes hygienic, odourless humus. Not only way to solve the garbage, but lso to achieve the purpose of the resource but the large amount of solid waste composting, nutrient content is low, long-term use could considerably lead to soil compaction and deterioration of groundwater quality, so the scale is not promiscuous to compost too. 4. intercession resources careful classification of urban living garbage, Then tally to the different nature of classified garbage after respectively adopt appropriate methods to deal with, make all the different types of waste can be utilized, thus to be truly achievereduction, harmless and resource of waste. Waste power contemporariesFrom the 1970s onwards, some create countries have started to use the heat generated by burning garbage to generate electricity. Some bucolic in Europe built a garbage power plant, a U. S. garbage power plant generating power up to 100 MW, processing 600 thousand gobs of garbage per day. Now, garbage power plant in Ger many another(prenominal) is spendinga huge sum of money from abroad to buy rubbish every year. According to statistics, currently in that respect are abuttingly a thousand types of waste disposal plant all kinds of garbage role facility will be stickd to 3000 or more in hree years. Scientists measure that the garbage in the secondary energy, such as organic fuelcontains high calorific value, the heat of burning 2 tons of wasteequivalen t to about 1 tons of coal.Confrontingproblem The reason that why waste power generation is developing slow Is mainly due to the combustionpower generation, which cannot be effectively solve for a long time. Japan has been promoting a passing waste power generation technology, by using new gas furnace rose the furnace temperature to calciferol C, ontogeny the power generation fficiency from 10% in the pastto around 25%, reduced toxic emissions to less than 0. 5%, below the international standard nevertheless, of course, the cost of waste power generation is still high than the traditional thermal power. Some experts believe that withthe technology development inwaste collection, handling, transport, utilization and other aspects, waste power generation is likely to become one of the most economical power generation technologies.From the long-term benefits and the broad index, it will be superiorior to the traditional electric power production. Conclusion In conclusion, waste is a common issue this can lead to health problems and destruction of natural resources. If people do not hold importance to waste classification and recycling, not only for our present life will be restoreed, but also for our future generations. This is not Just a country, an organization, an individuals responsibility, but the responsibility of all mankind. lf when for each one mortal throwing garbage can be a little more environmental awareness, we could effectively outgrowth the waste comprehensive utilization, So that the whole society will be able to less affect by waste problems.Waste ManagementIntroduction Rapid urbanisation and industrial diversification has led to generation of considerable amount of municipal, plastic, hazardous and biomedical waste. Improper disposal of wastes often leads to spread of diseases and taint of water bodies and soil. The impact of these wastes cannot be ignored and managing them has become a major problem. The objective and scope of thi s research project In this project we have tried to gain an insight on the term waste management.The objective of the project was to seek an overview of waste management in large cities especially in supermarkets and predominantly the waste disposal system of large fast food outlets in Bangalore. The scope was (due to time constraint) express to two major food chains. We have as an initial investigation tried to bring out the very nature of major sources of waste in our cities, the present waste disposal system in Bangalore and measures to effectively dispose off the waste generated in supermarkets.Municipal solid waste On an reasonable 40-50% of the total municipal waste is generated in the six municipal corporations of Karnataka and more than 70 percent of municipal waste is generated in the residential and market areas. The domestic waste generated by the households comprises mainly of organic, plastic and paper waste. Problems of municipal solid waste The major problems of m unicipal solid waste are Collection and storage of waste. Mixing and segregation of waste. Transportation of waste. Indiscriminate burning of waste Illegal disposal of waste. 1. Collection and storage of waste waste collection and disposal lies at the core of municipal waste management. Waste management happens to be the major source of expenditure in municipal budgets. Failure to effectively manage waste generated in the cities leads to overflowing bins and foul odour in the city streets.It also poses as a potential threat to the hygiene and health of the public. 2. Mixing and segregation of waste with no clear instruction and procedures to the strange the household waste generated are very heterogeneous in nature due to no or very limited segregation of waste during disposal process. It also is witnessed in industrial wastes. Where lack of giving medication regulation leads to uncontrolled disposal without proper segregation. 3.Transportation of waste the rapid expansion of citi es coupled with high nation growth rates and limited control on procedures to dispose municipal wastes resulted in mate on guidelines and actual waste transport. The transporters of municipal wastes are normally reclusive contractors who with the aim of profit maximization tend to dispose waste in the nearest vacant plots just on the outskirts of the city. Though toss zones have been identified around the city yet the transporters often resort to dumping on plots near main roads leading to the city. 4.Indiscriminate burning of wastes often as discussed above the transporters do not dump the wastes on designated land fills earmarked by municiapal bodies but on the roads leading to the cities or vacant plots on the outskirts of the city they also resort to burning of wastes to reduce the heap for future dumping. As the waste dumped are unsorted and contain many hazardous substances eg plastics bottles and polythene bags. The gas generated are toxic in nature and a common sight ar e the rag pickers who roam around such dump sites to collect materials of some worth.They are effected by the smoke and the gas generated. 5. Illegal disposal of waste in absence of strict guidelines and enforcement of proper disposal of wastes in major cities in India the transporters mainly the private contractors resort to dumping of wastes in vacant plots instead of disposing them to proper dumping sites. This results over a period of time a major ecological threat. E. g a recent study found that in Bangalore around 600 Tons of municipal wastes are illegally dumped on vacant plots on daily basis.Waste ManagementThe Securities and Exchange Commission has filed suit against the founder and five other former top officers of Waste Management Inc. for massive fraud. The complaint charges the defendants with inflating profits to meet earnings targets. The officers named in the complaint include the adjacent * The CEO, who set earnings targets, fostered a culture of fraudulent account ing, someoneally directed certain of the accounting changes to make the targeted earnings, and was the spokesperson who announced the companys phony numbers.The CFO, who ordered the destruction of damaging evidence, misled the companys audit committee and internal accountants, and withheld information from the outside auditors. * The corporate controller, who devised many one-off accounting manipulations to deliver the targeted earnings and carefully crafted the deceptive disclosures. * The general counsel, who glad the companys fraudulent disclosures. In brief, the complaint says the companys revenues were not growing fast enough to meet its earnings targets, so the defendants instead resorted to improperly eliminating and deferring current period expenses.Specific tactics * Avoiding depreciation expenses on their garbage trucks by both assigning unsupported and rarefied keep open values and extending their useful lives. * Assigning arbitrary salvage values to other assets tha t previously had no salvage value. * Failing to record expenses for decreases in the value of landfills as they were filled with waste. * Refusing to record expenses needful to redeem off the costs of unsuccessful and abandoned landfill development projects. Establishing inflated environmental militia (liabilities) in connection with acquisitions so that the excess reserves could be used to avoid recording unrelated operating expenses. * Improperly capitalizing a variety of expenses, and failing to establish sufficient reserves (liabilities) to pay for income taxes and other expenses.The SEC says Andersen, the companys auditor, identified the improper accounting practices, quantified much of the impact, and yearly presented company management with a set of Proposed Adjusting Journal Entries. Instead of making the adjustments, management signed off on a Summary of Action Steps that the SEC says included steps designed to write off the accumulated errors and to change the underlyi ng accounting practices in future periods The company had augmented the depreciation time length for their property, plant, and equipment, artificially inflating the companys after-tax profits by US$1. 7 billion. Waste Management nonrecreational US$457 million to settle a shareholder class-action suit. The SEC fined Waste Managements independent auditor, Arthur Andersen, US$7 million for their role.Waste managementEach of us will throw a lot of waste every day you know where all the wastewent? Most of the waste will get sanitary landfill, incineration, composting and other sound processing in some areas with better waste management, while most places Just easy piled or landfill, this cause odour spread, soil and underground water get polluted. peopleare not only Just consuming a lot of resources, mass production, mass consumption of land, but also produced a lot of waste this consequences will be unimaginable.This essay will demonstrate the definition of waste waste lassification, recycling, processing and some other additional materials about waste power generation. Introduction Earth is our home, which provides us with the necessary environment and space for living but with the rapid development of social economy and the urban population of highly concentrated, the output of waste is gradually increasing, our home is surrounded by garbage from day to day. In densely populated cities, waste disposal is a vexing problem.Common practice is collected and sent to landfills, or use incinerators but both would create environmental problems, and excessive onsumption can further reduce resultant landfills saturation level. Improper waste disposal in landfills can contaminate groundwater and odour, and many cities have been on tap(predicate) for less and less landfill area. Produce poisonous gas, harmful organisms is inevitable forlncineration. Most of the cities are studying ways to reduce waste, and encourage recycling. Research Methodology Library Research 1. Re cording notes. 2. Content analysis. . Collect the needful information. Field Research 1. Personal interview. 2. Groupmeeting. 3. Telephone survey. 4. Case study. The definition of waste Waste is also know as rubbish, trash, refuse, garbage, Junk and litter which refer to unwanted or useless solid, fluid substance. Merriam-Websterdefineswaste is the trash from places of human or animal residence The World Book Dictionary also say that waste is the useless or worthless material, stuff to be discarded. Unfortunately, these two definitions reflect a common attitude that does not admit waste as a resource.Nevertheless, Zero Waste America defines waste as a resource that is not safely recycled back into the environment or the marketplace. This definition onsiders the value of waste as a resource, as well as the threat of unsafe recycling wasting actually does not embody in nature, they are human inventions due to human behaviour. ln nature, everything has a purpose. Waste was created by humans for short-term convenience and short-term profit. Meanwhile, this leads to long-term harmful consequences for humans, nature, and the economy.Waste classification, recycling and processing Waste classification means according to different composition, properties, use value of waste as well as the impact on the environment, andthe requirements of different isposal methods, divided into a number of different types of properties. lts purpose is to bring convenience for resource recovery and consequent disposal. The meaning of the classification of waste People are faced with the situation of the growing waste production and environmental deterioration.How to through the waste classification managementto maximize waste resource utilization, reduce the amount of garbage disposaland improve the living quality of the environment is currently the worlds pressing problems of common concern. Waste classification is the renew of the traditional ay to garbage collection disposed it is aneffectivescientific management methodfor waste disposal. Waste classification is put waste classificationat source, and through the classification of the pickup and recycled back into a resource. The benefit of waste classification is obvious.After being classification, waste was sent to a factory instead of landfills, not only save the land, but also avoids the pollution produced by landfill or burned. Waste classification Recyclable waste They are mainly five categories which include waste paper, plastic, glass, metal, and cloth. Waste Paper mainly includes newspapers, periodicals, books, all kinds of wrapping paper and so on But should pay attention to paper towels and toilet paper because of their water soluble is too strong, cannot be recycled. ductile plastic waste containers, plastic packaging and other plastic products.Such as various plastic bags, plastic bottles, foam, disposable plastic lunch boxes cutlery, hard plastic and so on. Glass mainly includes all kinds of gl ass bottles, pieces of broken glass, mirror, light bulb debris, and thermos bottle, etc. Metal mainly includes cans, cans and so on. Fabric mainly includes the abandoned clothes, tablecloths, towels, bags, shoes and so on. Kitchen waste Kitchen waste is refers to catering units, enterprises, institutions, schools, canteens and other food scrapswaste, commonly cognise as swillor pigwash.The main component of kitchen waste are starch, food fibre, animal fats and other organic substances it have a high moisture content, fat, high salt content, perishable smelly fermentation characteristics. Hazardous waste Toxic and hazardous waste refers to the solids that could be harmful to human body ealth or toxic substances or cause real harm to the environment or potential hazards wastes. Including batteries, fluorescent tubes, light bulbs, mercury thermometers, cay bucket, home appliances, expired drugs, expired cosmetics.If the battery is burned, after the blast will be killing hundreds of p eople Fluorescent tubes and bulbs are Just like the battery, radiation is also large Mercury is more landfilling. different rubbish Includingin addition to the above-mentioned categoriesgarbage, such as ceramictile, muck, toilet waste paper, paper towels and other gruelling to recycle waste, usually ased on the characteristics and take the way of burning or burying garbage processing. Waste materials by kind, composition and sources.Kind Composition Sources Garbage Wastes from preparation, cooking, and serving of food market wastes wastes from handling, storage, and sale of produce Households, restaurants, institutions, stores, markets deoxyephedrine Flammable paper, cartons, boxes, barrels, wood, tree branches, yard trimmings, wood furniture, bedding, dunnage Inflammable metals, tin cans, metal furniture, dirt, glass, crockery, minerals Ashes Residue from fires used for cooking and heating and from on-site burningStreet refuse Sweepings, dirt, leaves, catch basin dirt, contents of litter receptacles Streets, sidewalks, alleys, vacant lots out of work animals Cats, dogs, horses, cows Abandoned vehicles Unwanted cars and trucks left on public property Industrial wastes Food-processing wastes, boiler house cinders, lumber scraps, metal scraps. havings Factories, power plants Demolition wastes Lumber, pipes, brick, masonry, and other construction materials from razed buildings and other structures Demolition sites to be used for new buildings, renewal projects, expressways Construction wastes Scrap lumber, pipe, ther construction materials New construction, remodelling Special wastes Hazardous solids and liquids explosives, ghoulish wastes, radioactive materials Households, hotels, hospitals, institutions, stores, industry Sewage treatment residue Solids from coarse screening and from grit chambers septic tank sludge Sewage treatment plants septic tanks Waste recycling and processing In the process of urbanization, the waste was once the burden of city devel opment as the product of urban metabolism many cities in the world have been besieged by garbage before. In now days, waste is considered to be the most potential, inexhaustibleurban mines for development it is the misplaced resources.Waste all have the corresponding recycling technology, make it can be used as secondary sources into the new production cycle, thus reducing resource consumption and environmental pollution. This is not only the in-depth and deep understanding of the waste, but also is the inevitable requirement of urban development. General city processed into organic compound fertilizer and used for landscaping or agricultural fertilizer in organic waste processing factory. 2. Dry waste (inorganic waste) further clarified classified as waste paper, waste plastic, glass, scrap metal and other recyclable componentsin the garbage sorting centre, and then recycling plant for recyclingby thecorresponding. 3.Hazardous waste recyclable materialssent to recycling after sort ing in the hazardous waste sorting disposal station and the residue are safely landfill or incineration. Currently, there are several ways of waste disposal 1. Landfill Method Fill trash in the pit that has been hold for, make it automaticallyhappen biological, physical and chemical changes, decomposition of rganic matter, to achieve reduction and harmless purposes but for a long time, most cities are carried out with open dumps and natural filling ditch without any protection. This leads to a lot of rubbish sewage from the surface into the ground and cause serious pollution of groundwater sources and the urban environment. Therefore this waste disposal method has gradually been eliminated. 2.Incineration method incineration method is to put thegarbage into high temperature furnace make one full oxidation of combustible ingredients the heat that generated can be used for power generation and heating. The biggest mar of this method is generatedof dioxin gas during the incineration thereforefor achieving environmental protection, Therefore only on the incineration of toxic and harmful gases through a series of processing,this method can realize environmental protection. 3. Composting Method piles of garbage accumulation, heat up to 70 C, storage, fermentation, with the ability of microbial decomposition in garbage, to decompose organic matter into inorganic nutrients.After composting treatment, garbage becomes hygienic, odourless humus. Not only way to solve the garbage, but lso to achieve the purpose of the resource but the large amount of solid waste composting, nutrient content is low, long-term use could easily lead to soil compaction and deterioration of groundwater quality, so the scale is not easy to compost too. 4. Treatment resources overcareful classification of urban living garbage, Then according to the different nature of classified garbage after respectively adopt appropriate methods to deal with, make all the different types of waste can be uti lized, thus to be truly achievereduction, harmless and resource of waste. Waste power generationFrom the 1970s onwards, some genuine countries have started to use the heat generated by burning garbage to generate electricity. Some country in Europe built a garbage power plant, a U. S. garbage power plant generating cogency up to 100 MW, processing 600 thousand tons of garbage per day. Now, garbage power plant in Germany is spendinga huge sum of money from abroad to buy rubbish every year. According to statistics, currently there are nearly a thousand types of waste disposal plant all kinds of garbage utilization facility will be increased to 3000 or more in hree years. Scientists measure that the garbage in the secondary energy, such as organic fuelcontains high calorific value, the heat of burning 2 tons of wasteequivalent to about 1 tons of coal.Confrontingproblem The reason that why waste power generation is developing late Is mainly due to the combustionpower generation, whic h cannot be effectively solve for a long time. Japan has been promoting a super waste power generation technology, by using new gas furnace rose the furnace temperature to 500 C, increase the power generation fficiency from 10% in the pastto around 25%, reduced toxic emissions to less than 0. 5%, below the international standard But, of course, the cost of waste power generation is still higher than the traditional thermal power. Some experts believe that withthe technology development inwaste collection, handling, transport, utilization and other aspects, waste power generation is likely to become one of the most economical power generation technologies.From the long-term benefits and the comprehensive index, it will be superior to the traditional electric power production. Conclusion In conclusion, waste is a common issue this can lead to health problems and destruction of natural resources. If people do not attach importance to waste classification and recycling, not only for our present life will be affected, but also for our future generations. This is not Just a country, an organization, an individuals responsibility, but the responsibility of all mankind. lf when each person throwing garbage can be a little more environmental awareness, we could effectively increase the waste comprehensive utilization, So that the whole society will be able to less affect by waste problems.Waste managementEach of us will throw a lot of waste every day you know where all the wastewent? Most of the waste will get sanitary landfill, incineration, composting and other sound processing in some areas with better waste management, while most places Just easy piled or landfill, this cause odour spread, soil and underground water get polluted. peopleare not only Just consuming a lot of resources, mass production, mass consumption of land, but also produced a lot of waste this consequences will be unimaginable.This essay will demonstrate the definition of waste waste lassificatio n, recycling, processing and some other additional materials about waste power generation. Introduction Earth is our home, which provides us with the necessary environment and space for living but with the rapid development of social economy and the urban population of highly concentrated, the output of waste is gradually increasing, our home is surrounded by garbage from day to day. In densely populated cities, waste disposal is a vexing problem.Common practice is collected and sent to landfills, or use incinerators but both would create environmental problems, and excessive onsumption can further reduce termination landfills saturation level. Improper waste disposal in landfills can contaminate groundwater and odour, and many cities have been available for less and less landfill area. Produce poisonous gas, harmful organisms is inevitable forlncineration. Most of the cities are studying ways to reduce waste, and encourage recycling. Research Methodology Library Research 1. Recordi ng notes. 2. Content analysis. . Collect the needed information. Field Research 1. Personal interview. 2. Groupmeeting. 3. Telephone survey. 4. Case study. The definition of waste Waste is also known as rubbish, trash, refuse, garbage, Junk and litter which refer to unwanted or useless solid, fluid substance. Merriam-Websterdefineswaste is the trash from places of human or animal residence The World Book Dictionary also say that waste is the useless or worthless material, stuff to be discarded. Unfortunately, these two definitions reflect a common attitude that does not admit waste as a resource.Nevertheless, Zero Waste America defines waste as a resource that is not safely recycled back into the environment or the marketplace. This definition onsiders the value of waste as a resource, as well as the threat of unsafe recycling wasting actually does not exist in nature, they are human inventions due to human behaviour. ln nature, everything has a purpose. Waste was created by humans for short-term convenience and short-term profit. Meanwhile, this leads to long-term harmful consequences for humans, nature, and the economy.Waste classification, recycling and processing Waste classification means according to different composition, properties, use value of waste as well as the impact on the environment, andthe requirements of different isposal methods, divided into a number of different types of properties. lts purpose is to bring convenience for resource recovery and subsequent disposal. The meaning of the classification of waste People are faced with the situation of the growing waste production and environmental deterioration.How to through the waste classification managementto maximize waste resource utilization, reduce the amount of garbage disposaland improve the living quality of the environment is currently the worlds pressing problems of common concern. Waste classification is the reform of the traditional ay to garbage collection disposed it is aneffec tivescientific management methodfor waste disposal. Waste classification is put waste classificationat source, and through the classification of the pickup and recycled back into a resource. The benefit of waste classification is obvious.After being classification, waste was sent to a factory instead of landfills, not only save the land, but also avoids the pollution produced by landfill or burned. Waste classification Recyclable waste They are mainly five categories which include waste paper, plastic, glass, metal, and cloth. Waste Paper mainly includes newspapers, periodicals, books, all kinds of wrapping paper and so on But should pay attention to paper towels and toilet paper because of their water soluble is too strong, cannot be recycled. Plastic plastic waste containers, plastic packaging and other plastic products.Such as various plastic bags, plastic bottles, foam, disposable plastic lunch boxes cutlery, hard plastic and so on. Glass mainly includes all kinds of glass bottl es, pieces of broken glass, mirror, light bulb debris, and thermos bottle, etc. Metal mainly includes cans, cans and so on. Fabric mainly includes the abandoned clothes, tablecloths, towels, bags, shoes and so on. Kitchen waste Kitchen waste is refers to catering units, enterprises, institutions, schools, canteens and other food scrapswaste, commonly known as swillor pigwash.The main component of kitchen waste are starch, food fibre, animal fats and other organic substances it have a high moisture content, fat, high salt content, perishable smelly fermentation characteristics. Hazardous waste Toxic and hazardous waste refers to the solids that could be harmful to human body ealth or toxic substances or cause real harm to the environment or potential hazards wastes. Including batteries, fluorescent tubes, light bulbs, mercury thermometers, paint bucket, home appliances, expired drugs, expired cosmetics.If the battery is burned, after the blast will be killing hundreds of people Fluor escent tubes and bulbs are Just like the battery, radiation is also large Mercury is more landfilling. Other rubbish Includingin addition to the above-mentioned categoriesgarbage, such as ceramictile, muck, toilet waste paper, paper towels and other difficult to recycle waste, usually ased on the characteristics and take the way of burning or burying garbage processing. Waste materials by kind, composition and sources.Kind Composition Sources Garbage Wastes from preparation, cooking, and serving of food market wastes wastes from handling, storage, and sale of produce Households, restaurants, institutions, stores, markets Rubbish Flammable paper, cartons, boxes, barrels, wood, tree branches, yard trimmings, wood furniture, bedding, dunnage Inflammable metals, tin cans, metal furniture, dirt, glass, crockery, minerals Ashes Residue from fires used for cooking and heating and from on-site burningStreet refuse Sweepings, dirt, leaves, catch basin dirt, contents of litter receptacles Str eets, sidewalks, alleys, vacant lots Dead animals Cats, dogs, horses, cows Abandoned vehicles Unwanted cars and trucks left on public property Industrial wastes Food-processing wastes, boiler house cinders, lumber scraps, metal scraps. havings Factories, power plants Demolition wastes Lumber, pipes, brick, masonry, and other construction materials from razed buildings and other structures Demolition sites to be used for new buildings, renewal projects, expressways Construction wastes Scrap lumber, pipe, ther construction materials New construction, remodelling Special wastes Hazardous solids and liquids explosives, pathological wastes, radioactive materials Households, hotels, hospitals, institutions, stores, industry Sewage treatment residue Solids from coarse screening and from grit chambers septic tank sludge Sewage treatment plants septic tanks Waste recycling and processing In the process of urbanization, the waste was once the burden of city development as the product of urban metabolism many cities in the world have been besieged by garbage before. In now days, waste is considered to be the most potential, inexhaustibleurban mines for development it is the misplaced resources.Waste all have the corresponding recycling technology, make it can be used as secondary sources into the new production cycle, thus reducing resource consumption and environmental pollution. This is not only the in-depth and deep understanding of the waste, but also is the inevitable requirement of urban development. General city processed into organic compound fertilizer and used for landscaping or agricultural fertilizer in organic waste processing factory. 2. Dry waste (inorganic waste) further refined classified as waste paper, waste plastic, glass, scrap metal and other recyclable componentsin the garbage sorting centre, and then recycling plant for recyclingby thecorresponding. 3.Hazardous waste recyclable materialssent to recycling after sorting in the hazardous waste sortin g disposal station and the residue are safely landfill or incineration. Currently, there are several ways of waste disposal 1. Landfill Method Fill trash in the pit that has been ready for, make it automaticallyhappen biological, physical and chemical changes, decomposition of rganic matter, to achieve reduction and harmless purposes but for a long time, most cities are carried out with open dumps and natural filling ditch without any protection. This leads to a lot of rubbish sewage from the surface into the ground and cause serious pollution of groundwater sources and the urban environment. Therefore this waste disposal method has gradually been eliminated. 2.Incineration method incineration method is to put thegarbage into high temperature furnace make one full oxidation of combustible ingredients the heat that generated can be used for power generation and heating. The biggest shortcoming of this method is generatedof dioxin gas during the incineration thereforefor achieving env ironmental protection, Therefore only on the incineration of toxic and harmful gases through a series of processing,this method can realize environmental protection. 3. Composting Method piles of garbage accumulation, heat up to 70 C, storage, fermentation, with the ability of microbial decomposition in garbage, to decompose organic matter into inorganic nutrients.After composting treatment, garbage becomes hygienic, odourless humus. Not only way to solve the garbage, but lso to achieve the purpose of the resource but the large amount of solid waste composting, nutrient content is low, long-term use could easily lead to soil compaction and deterioration of groundwater quality, so the scale is not easy to compost too. 4. Treatment resources Careful classification of urban living garbage, Then according to the different nature of classified garbage after respectively adopt appropriate methods to deal with, make all the different types of waste can be utilized, thus to be truly achieve reduction, harmless and resource of waste. Waste power generationFrom the 1970s onwards, some developed countries have started to use the heat generated by burning garbage to generate electricity. Some country in Europe built a garbage power plant, a U. S. garbage power plant generating capacity up to 100 MW, processing 600 thousand tons of garbage per day. Now, garbage power plant in Germany is spendinga huge sum of money from abroad to buy rubbish every year. According to statistics, currently there are nearly a thousand types of waste disposal plant all kinds of garbage utilization facility will be increased to 3000 or more in hree years. Scientists measure that the garbage in the secondary energy, such as organic fuelcontains high calorific value, the heat of burning 2 tons of wasteequivalent to about 1 tons of coal.Confrontingproblem The reason that why waste power generation is developing slowly Is mainly due to the combustionpower generation, which cannot be effectively solve for a long time. Japan has been promoting a super waste power generation technology, by using new gas furnace rose the furnace temperature to 500 C, increase the power generation fficiency from 10% in the pastto around 25%, reduced toxic emissions to less than 0. 5%, below the international standard But, of course, the cost of waste power generation is still higher than the traditional thermal power. Some experts believe that withthe technology development inwaste collection, handling, transport, utilization and other aspects, waste power generation is likely to become one of the most economical power generation technologies.From the long-term benefits and the comprehensive index, it will be superior to the traditional electric power production. Conclusion In conclusion, waste is a common issue this can lead to health problems and destruction of natural resources. If people do not attach importance to waste classification and recycling, not only for our present life will be affecte d, but also for our future generations. This is not Just a country, an organization, an individuals responsibility, but the responsibility of all mankind. lf when each person throwing garbage can be a little more environmental awareness, we could effectively increase the waste comprehensive utilization, So that the whole society will be able to less affect by waste problems.